In the last article, we all learn about some basic interesting facts about Internet Protocol addresses. It is very important part of CCNA. If you prepare for networking jobs and prepare for an interview related to networking field then these are very beneficial to you. In this article, we solve some questions regarding the binary conversion of an IP address which belongs to IPv4 and we clear all queries and doubts regarding the binary conversions of an IP address and dotted-decimal notation of IPv4 by some examples. we also identify their subnet masks.
Also Read: Binary conversion of IPv4 in dotted-decimal notation using some examples
First of all, we discuss subnet mask of an IP address in the previous article we all learned about classes of IPv4. In that classes generally we use class A, B, and class C IP address we all know that each class have their specific subnet mask, list of subnet mask according to its class will be given below
1. class A (0-126) subnet mask for class A is 255.0.0.0
2. class B (127-191) subnet mask for class B is 255.255.0.0
3. class C (192-223) subnet mask for class C is 255.255.255.0
What is subnet mask
A Subnet mask is a 32-bit number address used to differentiate the network component of an IP address and divides the IP address into the network address and host address. Subnet Mask is made by setting network bits to all “1”s and setting host bits to all “0”s. Within a given network, two host addresses are reserved for the special purpose, and cannot be assigned to hosts. When the “0” present in the last octet of an IP address then it is a network address and “255” is present in the last octet of an IP address then it is a broadcast address, and these digits are cannot be assigned to host addresses.
Generally, subnet mask is used for saw network bits and host bits present in an IP address. In subnet mask 255 indicates the network bits of an IP and 0 indicates the host bits of an IP address. like given below
Binary conversion of class A subnet mask
we take subnet mask of class A and write it into dotted-decimal notation by binary conversion of this subnet mask
Binary conversion of subnet mask 255.0.0.0 is given below
| subnet mask | 1st bit | 2nd bit | 3rd bit | 4th bit | 5th bit | 6th bit | 7th bit | 8th bit |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| 255 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Now we write this subnet mask into dotted-decimal form by help of this binary conversion table
255.0.0.0 ⇒ 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 in this binary conversion we saw that “1” is represented the network bits and “0” represents the host bits. So, now we calculate how many host bits and network bits are present in this subnet mask
In 255.0.0.0 ⇒ /8 = network bits, /24 = host bits are present.
Binary conversion of class B subnet mask
We all know that the subnet mask for class B will be 255.255.0.0 Binary conversion of this subnet mask is given below
| subnet mask | 1st bit | 2nd bit | 3rd bit | 4th bit | 5th bit | 6th bit | 7th bit | 8th bit |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| 255 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 255 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Now we write this subnet mask into dotted-decimal form by help of this binary conversion table
255.255.0.0 ⇒ 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 in this binary conversion we saw that “1” is represented the network bits and “0” represents the host bits. So, now we calculate how many host bits and network bits are present in this subnet mask
In 255.255.0.0 ⇒ /16 = network bits, /16 = host bits are present.
Binary conversion of class C subnet mask
We all know that the subnet mask for class B will be 255.255.255.0 Binary conversion of this subnet mask is given below
| subnet mask | 1st bit | 2nd bit | 3rd bit | 4th bit | 5th bit | 6th bit | 7th bit | 8th bit |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| 255 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 255 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 255 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Now we write this subnet mask into dotted-decimal form by help of this binary conversion table
255.255.255.0 ⇒ 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 in this binary conversion we saw that “1” is represented the network bits and “0” represents the host bits. So, now we calculate how many host bits and network bits are present in this subnet mask
In 255.255.255.0 ⇒ /24 = network bits, /8 = host bits are present.
Now we take some examples of IP address and convert them into binary conversion and write them into dotted-decimal notation and also identify their subnet mask.
Q1. 173.114.204.0 write binary conversion and write its subnet mask and also write in dotted-decimal notation
Ans 1. This IP address belongs to class B and subnet mask of this IP address is 255.255.0.0 Binary conversion of this IP address will be given below
| IP address | 1st bit | 2nd bit | 3rd bit | 4th bit | 5th bit | 6th bit | 7th bit | 8th bit |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| 173 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 114 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 204 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
dotted-decimal notation 172.114.204.0 ⇒ 10101101.01110010.11001100.00000000
Q2. 10.0.13.226 write binary conversion and write its subnet mask and also write in dotted-decimal notation ?
Ans 2. This IP address belongs to class A and subnet mask of this IP address is 255.0.0.0 Binary conversion of this IP address will be given below
| IP address | 1st bit | 2nd bit | 3rd bit | 4th bit | 5th bit | 6th bit | 7th bit | 8th bit |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 226 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
dotted-decimal notation 10.0.13.226 ⇒ 00001010.00000000.00001101.11100110
Q3. 193.102.67.51 write binary conversion and write its subnet mask and also write in dotted-decimal notation?
Ans 3. This IP address belongs to class C and subnet mask of this IP address is 255.255.255.0 Binary conversion of this IP address will be given below
| IP address | 1st bit | 2nd bit | 3rd bit | 4th bit | 5th bit | 6th bit | 7th bit | 8th bit |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
| 193 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 102 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 67 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 51 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
dotted-decimal notation 193.102.67.51 ⇒ 11000001.01100110.01000011.00110011
THAT’S IT
If you have any doubt and queries regarding this simply comment below. by this method, you have been able to solve any type of Ip address through binary conversion and also write an IP address into dotted-decimal notation.